Integrated European
Long-Term Ecosystem, critical zone and
socio-ecological Research
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All spheres

Geosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Sociosphere All spheres
Geosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Soil inventory (SOGEO_001)

Comprised Variables: soil texture, soil hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, soil pH, CEC, base saturation, organic matter, soil type classification, geological site characterization - on-time measurement
Geosphere
Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Soil chemical and physical properties (SOGEO_003)

Comprised Variables: total organic C concentration, CEC total nitrogen, total phosphorus, plant available P, pH, soil base saturation, bulk density (per horizon)
Geosphere

Soil water chemistry (SOGEO_167)

Comprised Variables: soil water chemical characteristics
Geosphere
Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Soil infiltration (SOGEO_048)

Comprised Variables: infiltration rate - soil
Geosphere
Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Sediment (aquatic/marine) (SOGEO_155)

Comprised Variables: physical and chemical characterization (particle size distribution, composition, pH, carbon, sulfur) 
Biosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Flying - insects (SOBIO_014)

Comprised Variables: flying insects
Biosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Vegetation - composition (SOBIO_017)

Comprised Variables: ground vegetation
Biosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Acoustic recording (SOBIO_018)

Comprised Variables: birds, bats, (frogs, insects)
Biosphere

Pollen and spores (SOBIO_019)

Comprised Variables: pollen and spores
Biosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

eDNA Water (SOBIO_021)

Comprised Variables: eDNA Water
Biosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

eDNA soil  (SOBIO_022)

Comprised Variables: eDNA soil 
Biosphere
Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Surface water - algae (SOBIO_096)

Comprised Variables: clorophyll a (benthic, pelagic), phycocyanin (freshwater), phycoerythrin (saltwater) - standing, running waters
Biosphere

Running water - P/N (SOHYD_172)

Comprised Variables: TP, SRP, TDN, NO3, NO2, NH4
Biosphere
Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Standing water - Profiles P/N (SOHYD_173)

Comprised Variables: TP, SRP, TDN, NO3, NO2, NH4
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Standing water - Profiles chemical/physical waters properties (SOHYD_004)

Comprised Variables: lakes, lagoons, reservoirs - water temperature, pH, EC, turbidity, oxygen, water depths 
Hydrosphere
Inland surface running waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Running water - chemical/physical properties (SOHYD_005)

Comprised Variables: water temperature, pH, EC, turbidity, oxygen, NO3, SAC 254, water level
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Groundwater - chemical/physical properties (SOHYD_006)

Comprised Variables: water temperature, hydraulic head, electrical conductivity
Hydrosphere

Running water - carbon (SOHYD_169)

Comprised Variables: DOC, DIC
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Standing water - Profiles carbon (SOHYD_170)

Comprised Variables: DOC, DIC
Hydrosphere
Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Surface water - Major ion concentrations (SOHYD_171)

Comprised Variables: Cl, SO4, Br, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Silica
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Inland surface standing waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Running water level (SOHYD_010)

Comprised Variables: water level (in order to derive river/stream discharge)
Hydrosphere
Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Standing water - Ice cover/thickness (SOHYD_011)

Comprised Variables: Ice cover/thickness standing and transitional water
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Snow (SOHYD_012)

Comprised Variables: snow cover, depth
Hydrosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Soil water content/temperature (SOHYD_168)

Comprised Variables: soil water content, soil temperature
Hydrosphere

Surface water - Stable isotopes (SOHYD_058)

Comprised Variables: stable isotopes (18O, 2H) - standing, running waters
Hydrosphere

Groundwater - Stable Isotopes (SOHYD_059)

Comprised Variables: stable Isotopes (18O, 2H) - groundwater
Hydrosphere
Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Groundwater - Major ion concentrations (SOHYD_062)

Comprised Variables: major ion concentrations: Cl, SO4, Br, Na, K, Mg, Ca - groundwater
Hydrosphere
Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Groundwater - Nutrients (SOHYD_064)

Comprised Variables: nutrient concentration: TP, SRP, TDN, NO3, NO2, NH4, DOC, DIC - groundwater
Hydrosphere

Running water - micropollutants (SOHYD_067)

Comprised Variables: micropollutants: non-target screening [~1000 substances] - running waters
Hydrosphere
Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Glacier - front variation (SOHYD_164)

Comprised Variables: glacier front variation
Hydrosphere
Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Glacier - mass balance (SOHYD_165)

Comprised Variables: glacier mass balance
Hydrosphere
Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Glacier - area (SOHYD_166)

Comprised Variables: glacier area
Hydrosphere
Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones

Secchi-depth (SOHYD_174)

Comprised Variables: secchi-depth; standing waters and transitional waters
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Meteorological data (SOATM_027)

Comprised Variables: relative air humidity, precipitation, air temperature, wind speed/wind direction, surface atmospheric pressure
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Radiation (SOATM_028)

Comprised Variables: PPFD, Global radiation (incoming and reflected), diffuse shortwave radiation, long-wave radiation (incoming and reflected), UV-B
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Soil heat flux (SOATM_098)

Comprised Variables: soil heat flux
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Atmospheric deposition in precipitation (SOATM_103)

Comprised Variables: precipitation: Bulk NH4-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, Ntot, SO4, PO4-P, K, pH, anion, cation, DOC, alkalinity, electrical conductivity
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Dry deposition of N-components (SOATM_108)

Comprised Variables: dry deposition of N-components
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Eddy covariance (SOATM_176)

Comprised Variables: CO2 flux and concentration, Latent heat flux, Sensible heat flux
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Forests and other wooded land Inland surface standing waters

Forest - Aboveground biomass (SOBIO_023)

Comprised Variables: annual aboveground vegetation biomass
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Tree growth (SOBIO_177)

Comprised Variables: tree growth
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Vegetated man-made habitats Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Non-forest - Aboveground biomass (SOBIO_024)

Comprised Variables: aboveground biomass – non-forested sites 
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Gross primary production (SOBIO_090)

Comprised Variables: GPP calculated from Eddy-Covariance measurement 
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Transpiration (SOBIO_091)

Comprised Variables: transpiration (Plants)
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Forests and other wooded land Inland surface standing waters

Forests - Litterfall (SOBIO_092)

Comprised Variables: aboveground litterfall - forests
Atmosphere

Belowground biomass (SOBIO_093)

Comprised Variables: belowground biomass - terrestrial
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Phenological traits (Remote Sensing) (SOBIO_015)

Comprised Variables: phenological traits (including start, maximum, end of season), LAI
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Phenological traits (on-site) (SOBIO_016)

Comprised Variables: phenological traits (including start, maximum, end of season)
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Forest - LAI (SOBIO_025)

Comprised Variables: leaf area index - forests
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Non-forest - LAI (SOBIO_026)

Comprised Variables: leaf area index – non-forested sites
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Leaf - Elements (SOBIO_095)

Comprised Variables: leaf C, N, K, P, Ca, Mg, Mn content - terrestrial
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Atmosphere

Vegetation - LiDAR (SOBIO_140)

Comprised Variables: LiDAR, every 3 (P) or 5 (B) years
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Yield (SOSOC_031)

Comprised Variables: agricultural production (detailed sub-categories for cropland, grassland, forest, fishery, in t/ha and year)
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Sociosphere

Land-based income (SOSOC_030)

Comprised Variables: FNVA, FNVA/AWU, FFI, FFI/FWU, Farm worker wages
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Livestock (SOSOC_114)

Comprised Variables: livestock numbers, breeds
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Sociosphere

Governance (SOSOC_032)

Comprised Variables: governance structure and character
Basic Method Protocol Prime Method Protocol
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Land cover and use (CORINE) (SOSOC_036)

Comprised Variables: land cover, land use, land cover change, land use change (CORINE)
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Land cover and use (Statistics) (SOSOC_037)

Comprised Variables: land cover, land use, land cover change, land use change (Statistics)
Sociosphere

Ecosystem services (SOSOC_040)

Comprised Variables: bundle of variables describing the ecosystem service profile
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Economics - GDP (SOSOC_042)

Comprised Variables: economics (GDP per capita; Per capita income)
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Demography (SOSOC_043)

Comprised Variables: demography (Total population size and density; Population age profile; educational attainment; residential density)
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Employment (SOSOC_044)

Comprised Variables: Employment (Employment rate %; Employment by sector; Unemployment)
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Consumption statistics (SOSOC_045)

Comprised Variables: population consumption statistics
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Resource use (SOSOC_183)

Comprised Variables: DE, IMP, EXP, DPO, BI, DMC, DMI, PTB, NAS: biomass, metal ores, non-metallic minerals, fossil energy carriers (other products, waste, emissions)
Sociosphere
Wetlands Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens Heathlands, shrub and tundra Forests and other wooded land Vegetated man-made habitats Inland surface standing waters Inland surface running waters Coastal (transitional) waters including coastal littoral zones Sparsely vegetated habitats and deserts

Subsidies (SOSOC_184)

Comprised Variables: CAP payments for direct support, rural development, market measures (€ total, avg. per beneficiary, avg. per ha, nr. of beneficiaries per total agric. holdings)
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